3.3 Section Review

Explain the importance of

•Caliph - is a successor. The first successor was Abu Bakr in 632. He promised to follow Muhammad's example. 

•Shi'a- it was a group meaning "party" of Ali. They were members known as Shiities. 

•Sunni- were those who did not resist to accept the Umayyads rule. 

Why was Abu Bakr elected the first caliph? 

•he was Muhammad's father in law and trusted friend. also when Muhammad died to said to Muslims that they can't worship Muhammad because is dead, they can worship the God. He was also a respected man for dedication to Muhammad and to Islam. 

How did the Muslim empire spread?

•when Abu Bakr died Muslims controlled most of Arabia. when Umar ruled his strong army conquered Syria and lower part of Egypt. Muslims also conquered a territory from Persian empire. The successors after Muhammad expended Muslim empire for 4 times. 

Why were Jews and Christians given special treatment by conquering Muslim empires? 

•because Jews and Christians were called people of book. They also had important roles in officials and scholars. 

What do you think was the most important factor in the spread of Islam? 

The followers and caliphs helped •Muslim expand and spread. Without them the Muslim empire wouldn't existed. 

How did the Muslim policy of ruling conquered peoples compare with that of the byzantine and the Persians? 

•maybe because Muslim's policy was more honest I mean more right way. 

Section 2 Review Questions

1) Explain the importance of: 
• Islam - Mecca was the place where Prophet of Muhammad was born and began spreading. 

•Muslim - They didn't have any god except Allah and people who believed in Allah were called Muslims and their religion was Islam. 

•Hijrah - it's a migration. Muhammad and his followers migrated to Yathrib and this journey was called Hijrah 

•Qur'an - it's a book that muhammad started writing but when he died his followers gathered the book into 1 piece. 

•Sunnah- it was Muhammad's advice to people.

•Mosque- it's a place where Muslims gathered and read the Qur'an 

3) How was Muhammad's messages received in Mecca and in Medina? 

•when Muhammad was 40 years old, he was praying and suddenly he heard a voice saying "you are a messenger of God" Muhammad later believed that God spoke with him and tried to pass to everyone that there is only 1 God. 

4)why are the five pillars important in the lives of Muslims? 

•it was each Muslims job to go by these 5 rules that were written. These were jobs to show that each Muslim submissions to the will of God. 

5) what role did Muhammad play in the spread of Islam? 

• first of all he played a BIG role, because it was his job to pass to everyone that there is only 1 God. Not everyone believe to him at once but his followers believed in Muhammad and that he was right and doing the right thing. 

6) Comparing and Contrasting; How are the Qur'an and Sunnah? How are they different? 

* They are similar by: 1st of all they are both made by Muhammad. 2nd of all they are both advices from Muhammad. Both rules. 


7) In what ways does Islam affect the personal lives of Muslims?

*Mostly Islam affects the Muslims not bad but good, because people who believe in Islam are Muslims and they have all kinds of rules that teach them how to leave correctly. 

Genius Hour Proposal

I want to do how music effects teenagers? 

Research it and also I will give 2 playlist of music same songs to 2 different people and they have to listen it everyday. 1 week they have to listen. Each they after they listen the music they will tell me how they felt, their mood and did they like this music. Or did this music effect them badly or maybe this music helped them with something. 

Section 1 Review Page 96

1) Explain the importance of: 
• Islam - Mecca was the place where Prophet of Muhammad was born and began spreading. 

•Muslim - Allah was there God and people whose religion was Islam where called Muslims. 

•Hijrah - it's a migration. Muhammad and his followers migrated to Yathrib and this journey was called Hijrah 

•Qur'an - it's a book that was gathered after Muhammad's death. 

•Sunnah- it was Muhammad's advice to people, to go the right way in life. 

•Mosque- it's a place where Muslims gathered and worshiped. 

3) How was Muhammad's messages received in Mecca and in Medina? 

•when Muhammad was 40 years old, he was praying and suddenly he heard a voice saying "you are a messenger of God" Muhammad later believed that God spoke with him and tried to pass to everyone that there is only 1 God. 

4)why are the five pillars important in the lives of Muslims? 

•it was each Muslims job to go by these 5 rules that were written. These were jobs to show that each Muslim submissions to the will of God. 

5) what role did Muhammad play in the spread of Islam? 

• first of all he played a BIG role, because it was his job to pass to everyone that there is only 1 God. Not everyone believe to him at once but his followers believed in Muhammad and that he was right and doing the right thing. 

6) Comparing and Contrasting; How are the Qur'an and Sunnah? How are they different? 

* They are similar by: 1st of all they are both made by Muhammad. 2nd of all they are both advices from Muhammad. Both rules. 


7) In what ways does Islam affect the personal lives of Muslims?

*Mostly Islam affects the Muslims not bad but good, because people who believe in Islam are Muslims and they have all kinds of rules that teach them how to leave correctly. 

Reaserch Proposel

I want to do my reaserch paper on Anne Frank's Life or About her diary

Test EO1

Ayana Kuanyshbay

Cultural Studies/E

September 16, 2014

EO1 Test

1.   (10pts) Imagine Julius Caesar had never been born. How the history of Rome would had been different without him in the picture? Would it have shifted to an Empire? Elaborate on your thoughts.

I think it would be completely different. First of all Rome wouldn’t be a strong and powerful republic and I think Rome would sooner or later fall apart. Rome wouldn’t hold that long. Second of all I think people of Rome would be different, like Julius made himself the only ruler and that helped because he kept everyone under control, but if he wasn’t in the history the roman people would be not under control and it would be a mess. Third of all if there was no Julius there would not be Augustus. Also without Julius Rome wouldn’t even be in history, but if Rome would be in history without Julius then it wouldn’t be so important.  Julius Caesar left his mark after himself in history.

2.   (10 pts) Describe what factors led to the decline of the Roman Empire?

Roman Empire fell because a lot of reasons. The first reason is that other countries or empires wanted to conquer to the land and expand their empire. Second reason is that the empire stopped expanding and getting bigger. The third reason is that the emperor couldn’t keep the large empire in control, it was too hard. The fourth reason is that Rome was not having enough of supplies and most of the soldiers and people started to die. Fifth reason is that maybe in the empire many people traded their emperor and traded people to conquer the empire. And finally the sixth is maybe many people fought for the throne and to have the power.

3.   (10pts)  Describe the significance of Constantine moving the capital From Rome to Constantinople.

Constantine had a great idea of moving the capital to Constantinople, because Constantinople was a great location for trading with Europe and with other countries. Also Constantinople was near lands so the Romans did not needed to travel over the seas. They mostly traded by lands, much easier. They earned a lot of money and a lot of goods by moving the capital.

4.   (10pts) Describe the similarities and differences between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Roman Catholic Church:

1)   Their army were in Latin or Local languages

2)   Priests could not marry

3)   Popes were more important than kings and emperors. This means that the king or emperor couldn’t give orders to the Pope. The Pope gives the orders to all kings and emperor. The Pope had all of the power.

4)   Pope has the authority over all bishops.

Eastern Orthodox Church:

1)   Their military were in Greek or local languages

2)   Priests could marry

3)   The emperor claims the authority over all religious leaders.  That means that kings or emperors could give orders to the pope. The kings and emperors had the power over religious leaders.

4)   The patriarchs and other bishops head the church as a group.

Similarities:

1)   I think that the religion was the most important thing for them.

2)   They always had someone in the society that was more importer then themselves.

5.   (10 pts) Which legacy of Rome do you feel was the most important and why?

I think the most important legacy was the legacy of architecture and engineering of Rome, because Romans made unique and beautiful architecture that they developed throughout years and their architecture is still alive now days. If you visit Rome you can see how they built the buildings and you can see the beauty. Rome developed a new way of building much stronger buildings that no one developed before them and some of the people are using this method still. They also invented new things that helped them to make their life style much easier. Also they made the Roman rode that helped them to transport and trade with other countries. Also when the emperor gave orders or sent mails they came much faster, rather than waiting 6 months for one letter.

6.   (10 pts) Which leader split the empire into an Eastern and Western Empire?

The Leader who split the Eastern and Western Empire was Disction

Vocab for Unit 2

Nomads - a person who moves from place to place rather than setting permanently. 
-Nomad is a person  or a group of people who move from one place to another always. 
- Arab herds called Bedouins are nomads that have adapted their lives to arid lands. 

Pilgrimage- a journey to a sacred place or shrine. 
-Pilgrimage has to do mostly with religion. 
-the journey to a sacred place is called pilgrimage.  

Sunnah - Muhammed's words and deeds which serve Muslims as a guide for proper living.
- Muhammed's advices to people that helps people to live properly or the right way. 
-To people who believed in Muhammad thought that Muhammad was also sent to teach them a proper life.   

Iberian Peninsula- the southwestern tip of Europe, where the modern nations of Spain and Portugal located. 
- it's a peninsula that is located at the too of Europe. Now days it's located next to Spain and Portugal. 

golden age-  a period in which a society or culture is at it's peak. 
-Where a society or a culture is at it's best. 

cordoba- the capital of al-Andalus. 
-The capital of Al-Andalus is Cordoba. 

oasis- a fertile area in the midst of a desert. 
-It's a place in the desert and a little pond where animals can drink and plants grow. 
-Bedounins interacted with people that lived in oasis.  

Islam- a monotheistic religion based on the teachings of Muhammad. 
-It's a religion based on teaching of Muhammad. 
- prophet of Muhammad was born in Mecca and in Mecca the religion of Islam was spread. 

mosque- a building for Muslim worship, designed to face the city of Mecca. 
-it's a building where Muslim people come and pray for god. 
-Muslims gather at this building to pray and worship the god. 

bureaucracy - a system of departments and agencies that carry out the work of a government. 
-it's a system of departments that's work for the government. 

Calligraphy - the art of fine handwriting. 
-it's an art of writing 

Abd-al-Rahman - the eighth emir of al-Andalus, during whose reign al-Andalus reached the height of it's power. 

Clans - a group of people related by blood or marriage. 
- it's families of people that are related by marriage or by blood. 
-Bedounis organized themselves into groups called clans. 

Muslims - a person who follows the religion of Islam, accepting Allah as the only god. 
-person who believes in Allah and his/her religion is Islam . 
-Muslim is one who believes in Islam. 

Caliph - a ruler of the Muslim community, viewed as a successor 
of Muhammad. 
-It's a ruler of Muslim group and was views as a successor of Muhammad. 
-in 632 Abu Bakr became the first caliph. 

Abd- al - Malik - a Muslim ruler who became caliph in A.D. 685 and made Arabic the official language of government in all Muslim lands.
-Ruler that made Arabic an official language of government 

Omar Khayyam - a Persian born Muslim poet who usually wrote in quatrain form and was also a great mathematician. 
-He was a good poet and a mathematician 

Mercenaries - a soldier who paid to fight. 

Allah - god in the Islamic religion. 
-Islam god 

Hijrah- the move of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to the city of Yathrib in A.D. 622 
-People who followed Muhammad from Mecca to Yathrib. 
-Hijrah is a migration. 

Shi'a - a Muslim group that resisted the Umayyad's rule, believing that the caliph should be a relative of the prophet Muhammad. 
-It's a group of Muslim people that didn't wanted Umayyad to rule, believing that Muhammad's prophet was right. 
-members of Shi were Shiites. 

Standing army - a fighting force that is maintained in times of peace as well as times of war. 
It's a fighting force that is used for wars. 

Faction - a Small group whose interests run counter to those of a larger group  of which they are apart. 

monotheism -  a belief in one god. 
-Muslims believed in Allah 

Qur'an - the Muslim holy book, consisting of revelations from Allah, that were collected by Muhammad's followers after his death. 
-It's a book where is written religious rules. 
-after Muhammad died his followers collected the Qur'an and made a book.  

Sunni - a member of the Muslim group that accepted the rule of the elected caliphs and did not resist the Umayyads 
-They liked Umayyad ruling, and they weren't against it. 
-the word meant followers of the sunnah, or followers of Muhammad. 

Baghdad - a city, located in what is now Iraq, that was the capital of the Abbasid empire. 
Baghdad was the capital of Abbasid empire. 

Al-Andalus - the area if Spain under Muslim control between the A.D. 700s and 1492 
-Spain under control of Muslims. 

EO1 Presentation on Rome's Legacy

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1cbdZmiB5NB6W68Mn6rJ4Ju9dqoyRXiXnjhTrNOthc/edit#slide=id.p

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The Early Byzantine Empire Homework Question and answer

Explain the importance:

Byzantine Empire-it was important because it carried the Rome's beauty and power.

Justinian l - He was a ruler that brought the Byzantine Empire to great heights.

Justinian Code- it left a lot of marks on the Byzantine Empire society such as: public works and building projects

Schism- it was an official split between 2 group.

Roman Catholic- it was a Christian religion church. it was the 1st group

Orthodox- It was a Christian religion church. it was the 2nd group

What factors helped Constantinople to become a thriving city?

First of all Constantinople was in a good location because their location was the best to trade and ship stuff.

Second of all they created the Justinian Code that united all of the nations together.

Third of all it was between land and sea. Which means that they could go with boat and with land to attack.

What two churches emerged from the schisms in the Christian church?

They split in 2 Churches and they established different structures and beliefs and they had different achievements that they made.

How did the two churches differ in views on church-state relations?

they had different views about beliefs and different structures.

How did Justinian help to strength the Byzantine Empire?

He expanded the Byzantine Empire and they took over lands that Rome lost. He developed the Justinian Code.

Which Church leader appeared to be more powerful, the pope or the patriarch? why?

The pope is much powerful because he is the leader of the Church and patriarch is the second after the pope.

Rome Homework Question and Answer (Did it in class at September 4)

1) Explain the importance of 

*Constantine - He was the strongest emperor that made great achievements. 1st achievement is that he stopped all attacks that were going on Christians and he played a big role in the Christianity growth. 2nd Achievement is that he moved the capital from Rome to Greek to the city called Byzantium. Later became Constantinople. 

*Clovis- was the leader of a Germanic group that is known as Franks. They conquered province of Gaul. Then he found an Frankish kingdom that will sooner will become powerful. 

3) what are the main internal problems of the Roman Empire? 
* the empire was too big.
* military problems
*Government problems. 

4) in what ways did Constantine reform the Roman Empire? 
*He moved the capital from Rome to Greece. 

5) Why were the Germanic tribes able to conquer the Roman Empire? 
*Some of the Germanic people were in the army of Rome. Later on they started to become more and more. So they defeated the Roman Empire. 

6)How did moving the capital from Rome to Constantinople weaken the western part of the empire? 
*It brought a lot of financial problems 

7) which of Rome's internal problems hurt the empire the most? 
Mostly I think it's political problems 

Question and Answer Homework about Rome

1) Explain the importance of 

*Republic- The roman government made people to vote and make decisions. Also they made a law that protected basic liberties. 

*Empire - When Rome became an empire and when Augustus ruled peace and prosperity began. 

*Augustus - He began the era of great growth for Rome as an empire. It reached the greatest size and influence. He made Rome as an empire to develop Rome. 

*Emperor- The emperor himself only made the decision, the people had less power when Augustus started to rule. But making Augustus an emperor it helped Rome to have peace and no war. 

*Christianity-Rome was strong and influential empire but they couldn't stop the new religion that was spreading so fast. Later Christianity become an most important religion in the Roman Empire. 

3)What rights did most male citizens enjoy in the Roman Republic? 

*Woman only had few rights and every male that was born enjoyed the right to vote. The male enjoyed having some power in the Roman Republic. 

4)What factors led to the Roman Empire's growth?
 
*Making the Roman Republic to a Empire 

*Making an Emperor. 

* After Augustus death the policies he began, made Rome grow and become stronger. 

5) Why did Roman leaders treat Christianity harshly? 

* Because they couldn't control the new religion that spreads so fast.

6) I think they were scared that the Roman Empire would ruin if one of the emperors would have too much power that's why they killed Julius Caesar.

7) I think most challenges were with the people because they can't vote anymore and they have less power.  

Rome Homework

Why Roman Republic fell?

• The most common answer is that the army was weak and couldn't anymore fight and keep out the outside force.

• Because of economic problems, the Rome’s supply of slaves and war weapons began to get lesser every time. 

• When the Roman Republic got divided into 2 parts, they started to have conflicts between each other.

• The Roman Republic started to loss their soldiers, so later they had German soldiers, but the German soldiers had no loyalty to the employers. So they didn’t take the command, later on they made the republic fell. 

• High taxes was another big problem.

• Also there was a sickness that spreads fast and it killed about 20% of Rome’s population over 150 years. 

• The Rise Of the Roman Empire:

• Before Rome was under control of the people but when Julius Caesar came to take the throne, he stopped the Roman Republic and made himself the only ruler. 

• Later Julius Caesar got stabbed and his son Augustas took the place. Under Augustas’s control the Roman Republic became the Roman Empire. 

• Also Roman people couldn’t agree on what they would do with the government and who would take the throne and rule Rome.